Tag Archives: vernacular headstones

The Gravemarkers of Stone Carver William “Rock” Jackson

William Rufus “Rock” Jackson (1808-1892) was a gin operator, miller, and headstone carver who lived and worked in Chambers County, Alabama. Jackson became known for his carving and made many tombstones for his family and community members using local green schist or steatite. Also known as soapstone, steatite is mainly composed of talc, which makes it relatively soft.

Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama

Jackson’s markers, characterized by their distinctive green-blue coloring, can be found throughout eastern Alabama. Colloquially, the stone was also called “blue marble.” The headstones feature a variety of symbols with recognizable lettering. According to Cox (2010), who wrote their thesis on Jackson’s tombstones, the most common elements are hearts and fern branches, but there are dozens of designs in the over 400 markers they documented. Markers have been identified in four counties.

Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama

So far, I have documented the vernacular headstones in three cemeteries: Long Cane Baptist Church in Troup County, Georgia (top image), Mount Hickory Cemetery in Chambers County, and Concord Primitive Baptist Church in Randolph County. One thing I noticed is that not all headstones were oriented toward the east, so it made photographing the headstones a challenge. I will document more headstones during future visits to eastern Alabama.

Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama

If you want to know more, I highly recommend Monica Norton Cox’s thesis about Rock Jackson. It can be found here.

Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Mount Hickory Cemetery outside of LaFayette, Alabama
Concord Primitive Baptist Church in Wadley, Alabama
Concord Primitive Baptist Church in Wadley, Alabama
Concord Primitive Baptist Church in Wadley, Alabama
Concord Primitive Baptist Church in Wadley, Alabama

Mitchell Grove Baptist Church-Cuthbert, Georgia

Mitchell Grove Baptist Church is located on a dirt road south of Cuthbert, Georgia. There is not much printed information on the church. According to FindAGrave, the earliest burial was in 1893. A historic resources survey indicates the church was built in 1894. I believe that is the structure that is in overgrowth. The double front doors and multiple windows on the side of the building indicate a church.

The single-tower white building is in good condition and is still used by the congregation. Obituaries indicate that the cemetery is still active and has remained active throughout the church’s history. The cemetery has a mixture of vernacular and commercial headstones.

Carrie Bankston Harper
Millie Nickson Died April 12, 1937
Plot of Sammie and Ossie Thomas
The double front doors of what could be the original church
While hard to see, several windows could be seen on either side of the church

The Year in Review-Top Ten Posts of 2024

Thank you for joining me in my travels around the South. It’s been a great year of wandering backroads and a few main ones. If I learned anything, it is that people love abandoned houses, buildings with unexpected histories, and (in)famous graves.

Powell Baptist Church and Cemetery of Talbot County, Georgia

Powell Baptist Church’s congregation began in 1879. Its founding date indicates that this is a freedmen’s church, which means its founders were likely enslaved. The first minister was Reverend J. Bowell. Tax records indicate the church was built at the same time. At some point, the edifice was covered in brick. The painted brick archway adds character to the building. The church is still active.

There are many different types of headstones found here, from homemade to commercial. The most surprising find is what appears to be two separate cairns placed end to end. So far, I’ve only found this covering in historically white cemeteries in Georgia.

The vernacular marker for Eddie Leonard (1950-1981)
Cairns
Leon Leonard (1939-1967)
Mr. Oscar Lee Beach (1900-1983)
The Eldren Bailey marker for Luella Owens
The modern crowned marker and ledger stone for Rosie Lee Thomas Biggs (1932-2013)

The Tent Graves of Stamps Cemetery in Putnam County, Tennessee

The hallmark of Stamps Cemetery is the comb graves or tent graves. It’s one of several cemeteries in the South that contain this vernacular form of a grave marker that forms this pyramid shape. They are found almost exclusively in the Appalachian Mountains, most of them in Tennessee. The reason why they were built this way is not known, but it is suspected that Scottish-Irish burial traditions influenced them. It is also speculated that they served a more practical purpose of protecting the graves from wandering livestock.

The grave of Sanford Stamps is a collection of folk influences. There is the tent grave covering, the star, and this headstone form called head and shoulders or discoid.

One interesting aspect of this cemetery that differentiates it from other cemeteries with comb graves is that some headstones have a five-pointed star. A star can represent the crucifixion, the star of Bethlehem, or Christianity. Since some of the stars are inverted downwards, some believe it’s a pentagram. Consequently, the cemetery became known as “The Witch’s Graveyard.” I am more apt to believe it was done because there was a limited understanding of how the star should be drawn, or they were embracing the idea that a point facing downward symbolized Jesus descending upon Earth as the North rose.

“The blessed babe of E. N. Henry was born Januar 27, 1871. Died March 7, 1871.”
I often find money on headstones, but its almost exclusively on veterans’s headstones. There were coins on almost all of thencimb graves.
To the memory of Mary A. Neal, 1846-1884. The headstone contains a star.

Alabama’s Coon Dog Cemetery

Located in rural northwest Alabama is the world’s only coon dog cemetery. Founded in 1937 on Labor Day, the cemetery began when Key Underwood buried his beloved coon dog, Troop. Officially, the cemetery’s name is the “Key Underwood Coon Dog Memorial Graveyard.”

The hand-chiseled gravestone of Troop, the first burial

Coon dogs are a type of scenthound used to hunt raccoons, feral pigs, and other animals. For a dog to be buried in the cemetery, the owner must verify they are a coon hound, a witness must verify the dog is a coonhound, and a board member of the cemetery must verify the dog is a coon hound. If a dog passes those tests, then their final resting place will be among a couple hundred of other coon hounds.

Queen, died 1962

The cemetery is filled with a mixture of professional and handmade headstones. Many headstones had a mixture of mementos left for the dogs, from rocks to balls

Easy Going Sam (4-8-1989-9-12-2002). Notice the color at the top of the cross.
The hand-sculpted market for High Pockett
One of the statutes honoring the coon dogs.